Flagship Arapaima Lithium & REE Project Brazil's Lithium Valley

Flagship Arapaima Lithium & REE Project Brazil's Lithium Valley

Largest Contiguous Tenement: Spark Energy controls the largest continuous land package in the region, spanning over 64,000 hectares in Brazil’s Lithium Valley.


Total Tenement Package: All of Spark’s tenements combined in the Lithium Valley span an impressive 91,900-hectares


Prospective Geology: Geophysical data suggests lithium-bearing pegmatites exposed in erosional

windows through regolith cover.


Untapped Potential: Presence of spodumene particles in heavy mineral concentrates panned from streams highlight the untapped potential on Spark’s property.


Strategic Location

Proximity to established developers & producers

The Right Host Rock

Eastern Brazilian Pegmatite Province (EBPP), a ~150,000 km² Paleoproterozoic–Neoproterozoic belt (mostly in eastern Minas Gerais) known for its lithium cesium tantalum (LCT) and gem pegmatites.


Minas Gerais hosts ~90% of the EBPP; pegmatites here have been mined for gems and rare elements since colonial times. The Arapaima project falls within the Araçuaí pegmatite district (“Lithium Valley”), which includes major LCT-pegmatite fields at Itinga, Coronel Murta, Pedra Azul, Padre Paraiso, etc.


G4 granite in Brazil is associated with lithium deposits, particularly in pegmatite intrusions near these granites. These deposits are significant for hosting lithium-rich minerals like spodumene Spark’s tenements cover the fertile G4 Granite near Lithium Ionic, Atlas Lithium and Sigma Lithium, along with the surrounding basement schist and granite-gneiss complexes and importantly the location of shallow regolith cover.


Regional geology highlighting Spark’s tenements over the fertile G4 supersuite granite (Source: Modified from Pedrosa-Soares et al. 2011)

Eastern Brazilian Pegmatite Province (EBPP), a ~150,000 km² Paleoproterozoic–Neoproterozoic belt (mostly in eastern Minas Gerais) known for its lithium cesium tantalum (LCT) and gem pegmatites.


Minas Gerais hosts ~90% of the EBPP; pegmatites here have been mined for gems and rare elements since colonial times. The Arapaima project falls within the Araçuaí pegmatite district (“Lithium Valley”), which includes major LCT-pegmatite fields at Itinga, Coronel Murta, Pedra Azul, Padre Paraiso, etc.


G4 granite in Brazil is associated with lithium deposits, particularly in pegmatite intrusions near these granites. These deposits are significant for hosting lithium-rich minerals like spodumene Spark’s tenements cover the fertile G4 Granite near Lithium Ionic, Atlas Lithium and Sigma Lithium, along with the surrounding basement schist and granite-gneiss complexes and importantly the location of shallow regolith cover.


Regional geology highlighting Spark’s tenements over the fertile G4 supersuite granite (Source: Modified from Pedrosa-Soares et al. 2011)

Arapaima Lithium and REE project advanced targets

Arapaima Lithium and REE project advanced targets

Four Advanced Targets for Immediate Follow Up

Four Advanced Targets for Immediate Follow Up

Four Advanced Targets for Immediate Follow Up

Spark’s Lithium and REE project covers an extensive area of 91,900-hectares combined spanning over 30km wide by 50km long. This is an exceptionally large contiguous exploration package located in the highly prospective “Lithium Valley” of Minas Gerais State, Brazil.


Four high-priority exploration targets Cruzeta, Grota do Maquém, Agua Branca, and Caladão were defined for immediate follow-up.


Next Steps for Exploration Include:


  • Detailed structural interpretation of the pegmatites throughout the tenements.

  • Continue systematic regional geological mapping and sampling over the remaining sections of the property that have yet to be explore.

  • Systematic stream sediment sampling across all permits and follow up with targeted Auger grid sampling. The project has significant soil cover > 1m and requires mechanised Auger to undertake effective geochemistry.

  • Once geochemical targets have been defined then drilling can be assessed to test the Lithium mineralization initially within Cruzeta, Grota do Maquém, and Agua Branca.

  • Undertake road-based Auger drilling campaign utilising existing road access at the Caladão REE target. The potential for extensive REE has been defined by ongoing stream and grab sampling along with publicly available information from peer explorers within the region.

Advanced Lithium Targets

Three high-priority lithium exploration targets include Cruzeta, Grota do Maquém and Agua Branca.


Spark geologists logged 401 outcrop observations, took 397 geochemical samples (stream sediment, soil, rock-chip) and identified 123 pegmatite occurrences within 13 trends spanning a combined 31km strike through Spark’s tenements.


Target mineralization is predominantly LCT-type granitic pegmatites (hosting lithium, cesium, tantalum, niobium, etc.).


Field observations report pegmatites ranging from centimetres to ~200m thick. All exposed pegmatites are heavily weathered in the tropical climate. Sahara (43-101 QP) notes that deeply weathered profiles can hide higher-grade spodumene zones at depth.


The Cruzeta Target produced the highest assays to date with 739ppm, 1,217ppm and 1,397ppm Li respectively. The K/Rb ratios for these three samples were reported as low as 23.84 to 36.42, pointing to the potential proximity of highly evolved Lithium, Cesium, Tantalum (LCT) pegmatites.

Cruzeta Lithium Target and corresponding rock chip and stream sediment results (Source: Spark 43-101, March 2025)

Eastern Brazilian Pegmatite Province (EBPP), a ~150,000 km² Paleoproterozoic–Neoproterozoic belt (mostly in eastern Minas Gerais) known for its lithium cesium tantalum (LCT) and gem pegmatites.


Minas Gerais hosts ~90% of the EBPP; pegmatites here have been mined for gems and rare elements since colonial times. The Arapaima project falls within the Araçuaí pegmatite district (“Lithium Valley”), which includes major LCT-pegmatite fields at Itinga, Coronel Murta, Pedra Azul, Padre Paraiso, etc.


G4 granite in Brazil is associated with lithium deposits, particularly in pegmatite intrusions near these granites. These deposits are significant for hosting lithium-rich minerals like spodumene Spark’s tenements cover the fertile G4 Granite near Lithium Ionic, Atlas Lithium and Sigma Lithium, along with the surrounding basement schist and granite-gneiss complexes and importantly the location of shallow regolith cover.


Advanced REE Targets

Advanced REE Targets

Advanced REE Targets

Initial ground reconnaissance including geological mapping completed over the Caladão Granite.


Spark’s tenements are contiguous with Axel REE Limited’s Caladão Project and has returned high-grade REE and gallium mineralization after completing a first phase drill program.


Axel REE Limited’s drill results include 49.92m @ 5,909ppm TREO with 1m @ 22,115ppm TREO.

Initial soil and stream sediment samples collected by Spark include:


  • Anomalous TREO results > 3,000ppm in soils samples and;

  • Anomalous TREO results > 6,000ppm in stream sediment samples.

Geological Thesis

This map, generated from government data, clearly shows the most prospective (red, orange and yellow) catchment basins reported in the 2023 study, based on regional stream sediment and heavy mineral pan concentrates.

Government reports show anomalous lithium and pathfinder elements (Nb, Ce, Sn, Ta, Be, B) Confirmed spodumene particles in stream sediments within Spark’s tenements, despite cover formations.


Eastern Brazilian Pegmatite Province (EBPP), a ~150,000 km² Paleoproterozoic–Neoproterozoic belt (mostly in eastern Minas Gerais) known for its lithium cesium tantalum (LCT) and gem pegmatites.


Minas Gerais hosts ~90% of the EBPP; pegmatites here have been mined for gems and rare elements since colonial times. The Arapaima project falls within the Araçuaí pegmatite district (“Lithium Valley”), which includes major LCT-pegmatite fields at Itinga, Coronel Murta, Pedra Azul, Padre Paraiso, etc.


G4 granite in Brazil is associated with lithium deposits, particularly in pegmatite intrusions near these granites. These deposits are significant for hosting lithium-rich minerals like spodumene Spark’s tenements cover the fertile G4 Granite near Lithium Ionic, Atlas Lithium and Sigma Lithium, along with the surrounding basement schist and granite-gneiss complexes and importantly the location of shallow regolith cover.


Secondary Lithium Projects in Brazil

Secondary Lithium Projects in Brazil

Ceara State Project
Ceara State Project
Rio Grande Do Norte Project